For a spring calving herd, begin winter feeding.

Divide the herd into groups for winter feeding which may include:

• weaned calves

• first and second-calf heifers and thin cows

• the remainder of the dry cows which are in good body condition

• herd sires

Feed the lowest quality forage to mature dry cows during early winter.

Be sure that weaned heifer calves are on "target" and being fed so that they weigh 65% of mature weight by 14-15 months of age.

Considerations for all cattle include:

• Record all cow deaths, purchases, sales and movements among pastures.

• Review this year’s calf crop and start plans for next year's breeding program.

• Plan to attend educational meetings to update your knowledge of beef production.

For a fall calving herd, breeding season continues.

Accumulated fescue can be beneficial for a November 20 to January 20 breeding season.

Cows must be fed when the pasture runs out. Cows with calves need 25-30 pounds of good quality hay or its equivalent. Supplement with grain, if needed.

Observe performance of bulls during breeding season. If the number of cows returning to estrus is large, try to determine the cause and consider changing bulls.

At beginning of breeding season, record inventory of all cows in each breeding pasture.

Forages

• Continue utilization of stockpiled tall fescue and crop residues as available.

• Continue testing hay for nutrient content.

• Begin hay feeding, minimizing waste.